Pediatric heart surgery is a type of heart surgery performed on children to correct heart problems, such as congenital heart defects or heart diseases that develop after birth. Congenital heart defects are problems in the heart’s structure that are present at birth. These defects can affect the heart’s walls, valves, or blood vessels and can disrupt the normal flow of blood through the heart. These defects happen when a baby’s heart does not develop normally during pregnancy, Get free online second opinion for pediatric heart surgery in India .
Types of Congenital heart defects
There are several types of pediatric heart defects, including:
1. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a complex congenital heart defect that affects the heart’s structure and function. Four specific heart defects characterize it:
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD): It is a hole in the wall between the heart’s ventricles
- Pulmonary stenosis: It is for the narrowing of the pulmonary valve
- Right ventricular hypertrophy: It is for thickening of the right ventricle
- Overriding aorta: The aorta is positioned over the ventricular septal defect
2. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart defect in which the ductus arteriosus which is a blood vessel that connects the aorta and pulmonary artery, fails to close after birth. This can cause oxygen-rich blood to flow back into the lungs, rather than to the rest of the body.
Signs and Symptoms of Congenital heart defects:
- Blue tinge to the skin (cyanosis)
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Poor weight gain
- Rapid breathing
- Sweating with crying or eating
Treatment Options for Congenital Heart Defects
Surgical Treatment for Patent Ductus Arteriosus and pediatric heart defects depends on the type and severity of the defect. Common treatment options include:
- Cardiac catheterization: It is used to repair simple defects, such as a small hole in the inside wall of the heart. A catheterization uses a thin tube guided through a vein and into the heart.
- Open-heart surgery: It is a surgical procedure to repair or replace heart valves or vessels.
- Heart transplantation: It is used in severe cases, a heart transplant may be necessary.
- Medications: To manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Top quality hospitals for PDA closure surgery in India for Zambians
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