Lung cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell division in the lungs. Your cells naturally divide and make extra copies of themselves as a part of their normal function. However, they may experience shifts (mutations) that cause them to continue creating more of themselves when they should not. Damaged cells divide uncontrolled, forming lumps, or tumors, of tissue that eventually prevent your organs from functioning properly.
Symptoms of Lung Cancer:
- Chest Pain
- Coughing up blood
- Trouble breathing
- Hoarseness of voice
- Shortness of breath
- Weight Loss
Types of Lung Cancers:
- Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most typical type of lung cancer. It accounts for more than 80% of lung cancer cases. Common forms involve adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Adenosquamous carcinoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma are two uncommon forms of NSCLC.
- Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) spreads faster and is more difficult to treat than NSCLC. It’s often discovered as a tiny lung tumor that has already migrated to other parts of your body. SCLC is classified into two types: small cell carcinoma (also called oat cell carcinoma) and combined small cell carcinoma.
Treatment Options for Lung Cancer In India
Surgery
NSCLC which has not spread and SCLC which is limited to a single tumor can be eligible for surgery. Your surgeon may remove the tumor and a tiny amount of healthy tissue surrounding it to ensure no cancer cells are left behind. Sometimes doctors have to remove all or part of your lung (resection) to ensure that the cancer does not return.
Radiation therapy
Radiation kills cancer cells by using high-energy beams. It can be taken alone or to help make surgery more effective. Radiation can also be used for palliative care, shrinking tumors, and relieving pain and discomfort. It’s utilized in both NSCLC and SCLC.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is often a mixture of several medications used to prevent cancer cells from growing. It can be administered before or after surgery or in combination with other medication such as immunotherapy. Chemotherapy for lung cancer is commonly given through an IV.
Targeted medication therapy
In certain people with NSCLC, lung cancer cells have unique shifts (mutations) that help the cancer grow. Special medications target these mutations in an attempt to delay or destroy cancer cells. Other medications, known as angiogenesis inhibitors, can keep the tumor from developing new blood arteries, which the cancer cells require to grow.
Immunotherapy
Our bodies normally recognize cells damaged or dangerous cells and kill them. Cancer has ways of hiding from the immune system to avoid being killed. Immunotherapy exposes cancer cells to your immune system, allowing your own body to fight cancer.
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